There were many talented river administrators who made substantial contributions in the Qing dynasty. They devoted their lives to river engineering, and accumulated abundant experiences in flood control. They never hesitated to express their personal opinions on river regulation in their written memorials to the throne, reports, and books, which also reflected the advances in river regulation techniques and flood control measures in the Qing dynasty. Among the more famous river administrators are Jin Fu, Chen Huang, and Zhang Peng-ho of the Kangxi reign, Qi Su-le and Ji Zeng-yun of the Yongzheng reign, Gao Bin, Ji Huang, and Kang Jitian of the Qianlong reign, as well as Lin Ze-xu and Lin Qing of the Jiaqing and Daoguang reigns. Aside from those of Han Chinese ethnicity, many of these governors were Manchus and Mongols, revealing that concerted and collective efforts, regardless of one’s ethnicity or place of origin, were essential when it came to stabilizing and improving people’s livelihood and national economy.
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Hefang Shuyan
On River Defense
Narrated by Chen Huang, edited by Zhang Aisheng
From the Siku Quanshu Library of the Wenyuange Pavilion of the Qianlong reign (1736-1795), Qing dynasty |
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Jiangfang Shulue
Introduction to River Defense
Written by Zhang Penghe
Imprint by the Chaos of Liuan
1831, Qing dynasty |
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Zhihe Shiyi
On River Regulation
Written by Zhang Penghe
Qing dynasty |
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Zhang Penghe Liezhuan
Biography of Zhang Penghe
From the Guoshi Dachen Liezhuan (Biographies of Officials) compiled by the State Historiography Institute, Qing dynasty
Court manuscript edition in red-lined columns, Qing dynasty |
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Confidential memorial on the self-discipline of Director-general Cisule of the Grand Canal
Anonymous
Qing dynasty |
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Memorial on the construction of river embankment and its preservation
Presented by Ji Zengyun
1723, Qing dynasty |
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Kang Jitian Liezhuan
Biography of Kang Jitian
From the Guoshi Dachen Liezhuan Tzubian (Second Series of the Biographies of Officials) compiled by the State Historiography Institute, Qing dynasty
Court manuscript edition in red-lined columns, Qing dynasty |
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Hongxue Yinyuan Tuji
Tracks in the Snow: Memoir of Linking
Written by Linking
Imprint by the author
1847, Qing dynasty |
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